People
Thoughts on the 11th Anniversary of Nine-Eleven:
A Sikh-American Cartoonist Reminisces
VISHAVJIT SINGH
Hate appeared early in my life before I even knew it had a name. It
poured in from the television screen, from strangers on the street who
made jokes or compared me to cartoon characters, based on nothing but my
turban, the sign of my Sikh faith. It wasn’t enough to rankle the
normal rhythm of life, but it was a recognizable pattern. It rose into
my conscience slowly, like a capillary action.
By the time I had put a name to this, I had already succumbed under its weight.
It
began in New Delhi, India, where I moved from to Washington, DC, USA, with my
family in early adolescence.
I grew up watching Bollywood movies, where
Sikhs like me were always punch lines of jokes created by a majority envious of the success of the Sikh minority. In 1984, Indian
Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was shot dead by her two Sikh bodyguards in retaliation for her enormous crimes against humanity, and
for the next few days the majority community in the country - on the mere strength of its numbers - erupted into unprecedented violence and anarchy. Innocent Sikhs on the streets - by the thousands - were hunted
down and burned alive. Anyone with a Sikh turban and beard was targeted.
There
were prying eyes on our apartment balcony and a mob seeking our blood. We survived the carnage, but up to 10,000 innocent men, women and children were
reduced to ashes. Going out into the streets for the first time after
that was the strangest of feelings. The eyes staring at me said, “We let
you live, so be thankful.”
But my people moved on.
We
Sikhs are a resourceful lot. Within weeks, schools and shops and
spiritual centers owned by Sikhs were back in business. No
commemorations would take place in the coming months or years. The
newspapers called the pogrom a riot and the name has stuck in India's distorted parlance.
I left India and
headed back to the United States for school, a place that I hoped might
be more tolerant.
After high school, I tried to get a retail job
in Los Angeles, but it was a long and losing battle. From 7-11, Taco Bell,
McDonald’s to all local and national chains the answer was always,
“Thank you for your application. We will call you back.” Out on the
streets young and old would pass me by and burst into laughter. 'Clown'
and 'genie' were the most common insults. Nine gestational months passed
by without work.
When I arrived at Ohio State University, I became
just one more in a sea of students. My bright blue turban still made me
the center of attention, but I was more like an exotic specimen. It was
a relief.
But then the first Iraq war began. Now that our armed forces
were engaged in battle with a Middle Eastern foe, my turban became a
visual cue of global strife. Disregard the fact that Sikhs are from
Punjab, an area uninvolved in the global conflict. Turbans reminded
Americans of Iran, which had been the perpetrator of a hostage crisis
led by a turbaned cleric named Khomeini. Disregard the fact that Iran
and Iraq were arch-enemies. Or that one was Arab, another Persian. It
was all semantics for most Americans. The turban not worn by any of the
Iraqi forces was to be battled on the streets of America.
I got my call
to arms shortly, when a few fellow Americans beckoned me, “Go back
home.”
I
did leave the barren landscape of the Midwest for the sunny beaches of
Santa Barbara. I resumed studies at the University of California campus
sitting atop the cliffs facing the Pacific Ocean. The war was over and
the wonderfully more diverse student body accepted me with open arms.
But in one of the many ironies of life, now that I was in a place that
did not resist my presence, I began to feel the dis-ease of my own
existence. I did not want to stand out anymore. Years of ridicule,
taunts and hatred had taken their toll.
The long unshorn hair I
had not cut for the first 20 years of my life – the hair that was an
article of the Sikh faith -- lost its roots. The turban turned into an
artifact devoid of meaning. It came off in my dormitory room and the
barber push-broomed away the long wavy strands from the floor into the
trash bin.
For the next decade people no longer stared at me. I
was lost in the safety of the crowds, an ethnic minority but not a
“dangerous” one. In those years, I moved away from my religion and tried
to find my professional passion. I focused on epidemiology and
biostatistics at the University of California, Berkeley, and dabbled in
Taoism and Buddhism.
But the Sikh faith continued to call to me.
Living with my brother as a graduate student I was forced to listen to
24 hours of hymns from the Sikh scriptures playing on the stereo. I
wanted to rebel against this unrelenting marathon, but I could not
resist its force.
By the time I concluded my Master’s program, I had
fallen in love. Not with a woman but with kirtan, poetic verses sung in
adoration of the divine.
Work took me to the East Coast not far
from New York City, where I embraced my Sikh faith for the first time.
No more visits to the barber. The hair grew by the months, and by August
2001, I had my waist-length hair back. I tied it in a bun on top of my
head, which served as an anchor for the 5-foot-long blue turban. I was a
little rusty at first, but it was just like riding a bike.
And
then, September 11 happened.
The biggest attack on American soil since Pearl
Harbor would change life forever. I worked from home for the next two
weeks. A self-imposed exile from the war on head coverings that
commenced within hours of the attack.
A real-life video game of
targeting men with turbans and beards spread across the nation. Like
every other Sikh man, my goal was to live my life without falling victim
to ignorance. But that was a near impossible task. As flags went up on
homes, cars and businesses in patriotic fervor, so did fingers raised in
a new and hostile greeting toward me. Never before had so many
strangers been compelled to call me names: Osama, Taliban, Raghead,
Towelhead.
The rage in the faces of my fellow Americans at the
mere sight of me was palpable. Their bloodshot, tear-streaked eyes
communicated pain. I shared the source of their pain but also became the
unwitting recipient of their anger.
Hate was once again a
companion of mine. I had to learn to live with it again. The first
victim of a hate crime after the attacks was a Sikh in Arizona, and I
was struck by an animated cartoon that appeared online with the title,
“Find the Terrorist.” The sequence featured a Sikh man, an Italian, a
Muslim, a Latino and a white man. You had to click on the rotating
images to shoot and kill.
I saw in the artist a willingness to
fight against this wave of hate. Mark Fiore, the 2010 Pulitzer
Prize-winner for editorial cartoons, captured the truth as it was
playing out on the streets of America. He exhibited a rare courage in
publicly labeling the crimes being committed against Muslims and anyone
else perceived as a “Muslim”: These were acts of terrorism.
He
captured the predicament of turbaned and bearded Americans like myself.
He penned the turbaned Sikh flawlessly into an animated illustration.
That emotional moment provided a creative spark for me to start
envisioning Sikhs in the world of editorial cartoons. I finally
discovered the best way to respond to a lifetime of being a target of
hate, living with it and even accepting it as part of life.
I
raised my right index finger. I moved it across the tiny computer touch
pad and began to capture the world of Sikhs here at home and around the
globe.
These were not pedantic introductions to our faith but vivid,
complicated portraits often inspired by the wrongs I had witnessed
throughout my life: The people who got away with killing Sikhs in India,
the way Bollywood feeds on debasing Sikhs as the butt of jokes conjured up by the arrogance of being a majority,
right-wing fascists in India and America who spread their own distorted
flavors of violence.
But I also dissected our own religion and its
contradictions. How our fundamental ethos is equality but many of the
gurdwaras where we worship are based on petty differences. How women’s
emancipation by the founders of the faith has been reduced to a mere
slogan. How Sikhs are blessed with some of the worst leadership on the
planet. The list of our shortcomings goes on and on.
But our successes
also abound.
Sikhs have survived multiple holocausts, and served
alongside allies in WWI and II with extraordinary distinction. With over a hundred-year history in
America, Sikhs have tilled farming lands, founded companies, driven
cabs, healed patients, served meals, created technologies.
It has
been 11 years since the 9/11 attacks. All eyes are still on Sikh men in
turbans and beards. Hate crimes are on the rise. Sikh-Americans have
been punched and shot at across the nation. The tragedy at the gurfwara that happened last month in Wisconsin is not a surprise to me.
Sikhs will continued to be a lightning rod for American fears and
anxieties. Our turbans cannot be missed.
But I can say without
hesitation I feel more freedom to practice my faith in America today.
While we struggle to learn from our past and build on a better future,
editorial cartoonists will have their hands busy, and I continue to
learn from roads built by masters like Jules Feiffer, Ed Sorel, Paul
Conrad, Ann Telnaes, Mark Fiore and a legion of editorial cartoonists.
These are a continuum of men and women who have used their keen acumen
to dissect the cracks in our social, political, economic, religious
universe.
Following in their giant footsteps, I take for granted
the freedom of speech protected by the First Amendment of our
Constitution. Threats have come my way, but I know there are not too
many places on this planet I can sketch to my heart’s desire without
fear of persecution, where a man like me might get the opportunity to
project my ideas into the collective consciousness through a magical
dance of lines and curves.
Vishavjit Singh is an American editorial
cartoonist. By day he is a software analyst and by
nights/weekends, he creates turbanful Sikh cartoons which can be consumed
at Sikhtoons.com. He published his first eBook earlier this year, "My Headcovering is Downright Sikh."
[Courtesy: Salon. Edited for sikhchic.com]
September 11, 2012
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A Sikh-American Cartoonist Reminisces"
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